Pharmatest’s standard study setups in different disease models include different combinations of the following bone analysis methods that can also be used as stand-alone services, where you just send us your samples and we will perform the selected measurements and provide you with the results:

• Micro-computed tomography (µCT)
• Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT)
• Radiographic imaging and image analysis
• Full-service bone histomorphometry, including static and dynamic parameters
• Processing of tissue samples for histological analysis, including tissue preparation and embedding to paraffin or plastic, and a variety of histological staining techniques
• Bone ash weight analysis
• Bone biomechanical testing, including cantilever bending, three-point bending and compression tests
• Biochemical markers of bone turnover in serum, including procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-I) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b)
• Gene expression analysis using microarrays (e. g. Affymetrix, Agilent, Illumina) and bioinformatics services